Furnace wall construction



Feb. 16, 1954 W A WAlTE 2,669,115

FURNACE WALL CONSTRUCTION Filed March 4, 195o Patented Feb. 16, 1.954

mmNAoEiwMiL CQNSTRUGTION Willme-A.Wie Saunderstown, R. Im

Airplieatianmareun; 1950,'- s'iria-1fNof-147zt`6srfV Y 3Glaimse, (Cl. '72h-492k 'Ihseinventierrrelates?time;furnaceWellecone strnctiom. and:- hasf` partculerf reference, to,` thefv construetiom ofz the face: off; the f wall/ which.: iSfsy tocb'e contactedi the` heat andi they` tying` andsupiiorting;` of such-.a facel portieri;-intor` the@ Well.;- 5 conetruetiome@ Referencerismade"tmrprioxtfPatent@2:21am2f dategli August; 20;` 19140,: which:` explains-'certain dimcultiesiwhicir; arefpreserrti inf thepriorv art'. and one of the objects of this invention.l isttop-m attairntthe; desirechobiectsro i said#v patentgand'z at the samenk time; improve;` urgonrA the-:constructiom showrrithereirrsbsgstrengthening the; wall? struetureiand. fbx'mereaeinextherefciencn of .thelock:. between-ithezheatwontectedisectionzendithe SupL i .z Dontingzsection next adjacentftheretos:

motherf, object afrithe-r invention, isto fprovide: ae divisioni. off the.' heatt contactedfysurface; into panelsseparated-byfhorizontal and .-verticaiexf l pansiorr. joints: each: selfcsupportingir 2c Another `obj eottoftthefinvention;isftoggsimplify.: theyy wall construction@ andfim its@ Simplestf 0,011- l struction frequirenffewenspecialeshapeszandoffenen; shapes as are required to use a simplergfdesig i thanrthateshown intmyffabovefmentioned patent.

Referer-ice: also: madeztofmy; ciJepndin,gia-p,-y plicationfiserialfNo: 701;'151;filed" o otobelri 71951.65y now ahandoned-,f whichv shows'f` au neweform off headerrbr-,iclehaving a;-.,vshapedsnrface,andgalsof arnew form.,v of; rlockingl bricksY off ai, generally mi tranezoidab for-maandI;l oneO of thee obi ork thiev-A inventionL Aisvtml utilize: inf, other f-locatoneaithef vfshenediheader: vrhichf oecurredi as: 3 base@ ing-the aboveiasaidn applicatOm andr t9 -utlizezthisz veshapedtheader afgloclr: as;L well; as? tot-.pr0vide fan arrangement whereby an expansiongjpnto ascii-clearing?, typersuclnasashowm my prior Patent52,212;4 112:;thusz obtaining' ifhesevseveral;ari--- van/tages fromm this` additional-'1 use:- of" this` V-shapeidfi header.-

AnotlferT obj ect .off this-= invention toA` provide a: walli construction-which .will haveI in itssimpl'estc'fbrm)A f'eWerf-speCiaI` shapes tha-nf' shown; inl my' alziovementionedn application.

Another. object; of' thisinvention; isc'to provvidey aistronger; Wall"l coifistrhetLionA than that' shown. in my allies'ermentionedv application Another olij eetl? ofv` thier invention to ,prsiyidek airemovableunit irr.;.the,.heat, contacted., section? 50,-

Whichiwill enable. more-r simpler repair, on re,-y placemene ofi nueturedf. brickseinz; theeheetr conrtacted face should such rupture occur.

With theseir ands athen obect im; viemxthe, in-

2f strtm1:ion; ase Will-.i bei` more fully ldescribed-l andi particulanyapointed; out .in-the: appendedfclaimsiz,

Ine the: accompanying drawings:

Eigure;l-isgafsectonalivewr of a wall offsi-ma, plitled-g` cijmstruction:v made: inA accordance; with?. this invention:

Figure; 2- isga facer.;view-fof-thisgiumace wall;

Figure 3'; shows ga; subsection-:of: the ,hea-tamme,r tacted'faee of eeneraily,4`r shaped-structurer' Figure l1-is: a perspectivefvievrfof ainotehed header of 'speci-alconstructiom;

Eigfure 5i.` isy a; perspective Jfview 1 off; the; lockingfltie ofI special vconstiueilli Figure 6: isc'- a:v perspective views offl a; locking; brick of?thefacevsrhiclfnis'l of qspecielfconstructionl:

Figure "7. is` a. parallelepiped-- stretcher brckzof special? construction;1

Figure; 8 is .yat sectional vView dof -agwall embodmeY ing fundamentally the construction"offiFigureqlf butv modified withvrespect-thereto by` havingyadditional speciallyfconstructedunits therein;

Figure 9 isfa facefviewoflthe structure-shown:Y in Figura-81;

Eiguref 1,1 is anperspective view; of; one off thelocking; ties; andi is additionally specialfor their structure :of -Figuref to-,match upwith thegstru* i turefofY lV-iguret 10; and.;

Eigure 12 f is .a3 perspective view o f.- arectilinean brick of. common structure utilizedA inthe-@wall particularly onfthe cold'faceoffthe Wall;

In proceeding with this,A invention; Ii providev a heat; contacted i section anni a; supporting. seca` tionaadjacent tov this heat contactedsectionfwith'3 units sometimes. referred to asgbrickstying they.. two; sections, together. The heatl contacted, see,-`V tion comprises` bricks largely of-- special sh-apegr Whiohin thefsimplestA form of7 construetion; isft reducedI to,L but. four special shapes,y and L; se.l arranger theconstructionv as toprov/idefor.l err-ev pensioniver tieallyy of the wallfby-aV jointfor spaceV whichwill beatsuch an angle as to--dschargefy anx@Y farcierrV matter-which may be i likely. toz be.4 corne-:lodged1therein,vand,Iv so arrangethe.spe== cial?. shapes that; theyvare tied2 together and t thev supporting; section bydove-tailedlocksfwhich, wilbserveftoftransfer vthe Weight oithefheatcon-A` tacted section inwardlythrougha; tie toY the;- adjacent-- supporting: Section: and `I1 further:Y nroviderv generally; vertical spaces, for horizontal pan'sion thus.. form-ing; panels: or` subfsections A Qff thefpluralityfof bricksl in" the; heat contacted .semvontiontconsistsiofcertaininovel featuresroftcore-AA v551y -tionwhich-mayfbeiremoved.andi replaced,l should:v

. 3 any of the bricks therein become melted or otherwise injured by the excessive heat without taking down the panel portion above the damaged face of the wall.

With reference to the drawings, and particularly the simplified form shown in Figures 1 and 2, the heat contacted section is designated I5 and includes all of the bricks. having an end, which are exposed in the face I6, which is the face shown in Figure 2. The bricks in this heat contacted section include three special shapes and the regular right angularly shaped brick of common forin. The arrangement is such that there are a plurality of sub-sections designated generally I'I and shown in Figure 3, which are superimposed one upon the other.

The sub-section Il comprises upper brick I8, Shown in perspective in Figure 6, which is of a trapezoidal form on its end faces I9 comprising a heat exposed face 2li ci rectangular form and an opposite face 2| of rectangular form of larger size; likewise, the bottom is of rectangular form, while its top 23 is also rectangular but is sloping from the face 2) to the face 2 I. This brick serves as a locking unit in the arrangement used.

Beneath this brick i3 there is aV brick 2B of regular construction, right angular at all corners, and shown in perspective in Figure l2. Below this brick 24 there is another brick IB which has its inclined surface downwardly instead of upwardly, as illustrated above the brick 2li, Below this second brick I8 there are two stretcher bricks 25 of parallelepiped form and shown in perspective in Figure 7, in which the contacted exposed face 26 is rectangular and the opposite side i" 2l is also rectangular. Likewise, the top 2i? and bottom 29 are rectangular, but the ends are each parallelograms, with two acute angles and two obtuse angles.

Beneath this parallelepiped brick there an "1^ 33, While its opposite face 34 and the heat contacted faces 35 and inner face 3S are each of rectangular form. This V-notched header serves as a base of the sub-section il to provide an L-shaped construction of a cantilever type with portions ci the surface on one side oi apex of the V surface extending onto the outer brick section. `I may also consider the rectangular header 3'! oi usual forni which is located beneath this V-shaped header 3i and also another V-notched lower header 3i' in inverted relation to the header 3i as part of this sub-section with portions of the surface on one side of the apex of the V surface extending onto the outer brick section. The header di serves as a lock with its outer inclined surface serving as one face of the horizontal expansion joint designated til for vertical expansion and provided between this inverted V-shaped header 3i and the locking brick I8 next adjacent it. A vertical joint for horizontal expansion 153 is provided for dividing the heat contacted surface into panels each selfsupporting. These expansion joints All, llt are shown by heavy lines rather than attempting to show a space by two lines which might be so close together as to be obscure.

This L.-shaped sub-section structure I 'i is duplicated throughout the heat contacted face of the wall and is tied into the supporting section designated generally 43 by a special shaped brick lill, shown in perspective in Figure 5, and comprising a side t5 essentially of a trapezoid extended by a rectangle; thus, there is a horizontal portion 46 and inclined portion "il rising therefrom to provide opposite rectangular ends i8 and is of different sizes. This inclination 4l contacts cnehali of the ll-shaped surface of the header 3l or 3l' to provide a dovetail type lock and is of a shape to fit and. tie in the supporting section adjacent thereof, or it may be considered that the two V-notched headers which form the base of the L unit provide a dovetail lock with two of the bricks M so as to hold the L-shaped unit in place. The inclination of the V-shaped base header onvthe outer half thereof and the parallelepiped stretchers above it and lock it are of such inclination as t0 transfer the weight of the sub-section inwardly through the base header and the lock which is associated therewith to the supporting wall, thus the weight of each subsection is successively transferred inwardly into the supporting section, while at the upper end of each said sub-sectiony there is left an expansion joint which being on an incline downwardly from the face it will cause discharge of any foreign matter which might tend to get into the joint and liroit expansion. This expansion joint also indicates clearly that the weight oi each subsection is transferred inwardly to the supporting section and is not transferred to the sub-section below it.

in some cases the sub-section such as shown at Il may have interposed in it a header 50, as .sh-own in gure 8 and shown in perspective in Figure l0, which is of parallelepiped form, having twice the height of and twice the extent from the heat contacted face as the parallelepiped stretcher 25. ln this case, the V-shaped header fil which. forms the base has three parallelepipeds 25 between. it and the header 5t, while two locking bricks iii and a regular brick 2li are located above the header 58 and between it and `the V-shaped. locking header 3i' above it. The expansion joint will be at 40, the saine as previously described.

In the modiiied construction of Figures 8 and 9, in order to match up with the header 5l), I provide a tying lock iii, shown in perspective in Figure l1, which will have an inclined surface 52 causing a tapered end from the generally rectangular structure of one-hall of this unit, and this structure iii will be positioned so that the inclined surface 52 will engage one-half of the header be that the generally rectangular structure may be built out and the rectangular brick supporting wall adjacent to the heat contacted section may be tied in.

By this arrangement an expansion joint is, provided for both of the walls and a dove-tail lock is provided between the heat contacted section the supporting section adjacent thereto by reason oi the tying bricks which have faces to Contact either the V -shaped header or the parallelepiped header so that a very strong lock or tie between the heat contacted section and the adjacent supporting section is provided. Likewise, the structure is so formed that an L-shaped cantilever sub-section havinga inuch increased cross section is formed for easy removal and replacement and for transferring the weight from the heat contacted section to the inner supporting section step by step as the L.-shaped unit is vertically multiplied along the heat contacted face.

I clairn:

l. In a furnace wall construction, an outer brick secticnvand an innerA brick lining having a 5 heat contacted face. said lining having a plurality of vertically arranged sub-sections each comprising upper and lower header bricks of equal "size and shape having oppositely inclined planesurfaces converging toward each other in generally a V-shape with the V surface of `an upper header upwardly facing and the V surface of the lower header downwardly facing, and with the portion of said headers on one side of the apex of the V surface extending into the outer brick section, the inclined face of the upper header 'of one subsection and the inclined face of the lower header of the next subsection providing a dove-tailed space and a plurality of bricksein the outer brick section presenting a dove-tail lock extending into said dovetail space and contacting said inclined faces to lock the subsections and outer brick sections together and to support the subsection on the outer section.

2. In a furnace wall construction, an outer brick section and an inner brick lining having a heat contacted face, said lining having va plurality of vertically arranged sub-sections each comprising upper and lower header bricks of equal'size and shape having oppositely inclined plane` surfaces converging toward each other in generally a V-shape with the V surface of an upper header upwardly facing and the V surface of the lower header downwardly facing, and with the portion of said headers on one side of the apex of the V surface extending into the outer brick section, the inclined face of the upper acca-11e header of one subsection and the inclined face xfgof the lower header of the next subsection providing a dove-tailed space andfa plurality of bricks in the outer brick section presenting a dove-tail lock extending into said dovetail space i` f and contacting said inclined faces to lock the sub- I 'sections and outer brick sections together and to support the subsection on the outer section, said subsection also comprising a plurality of stretcher Abricks -contacting fthe upper header surface on the side of the apex of the V surface toward the i', heat contacted face and spaced from the V surface lower header of the subsection above it to fjprovide for expansion.

' ,stretcher bricks present upper andrlower inclined d 3. In a furnace wall as in claim 2 wherein the f2 surfaces in generally dove-tail shape to conform lto the surfaces of the upper header contacted jsurfacc of one subsection and the lower header 20 inclined surface of the subsection above it.

WILLIAM A. WAITE.

References cited m the me of'this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS kNumber Name Date 1,307,767 Wood June 24, 1919 "l.573.188 Parker Feb. 16, 1926 51,810,203 De Wolf June 16, 1931 v 2,212,411 Waite Aug. 20, 1940 2,212,412 Waite Aug. 20, 1940 2,463,217 Tonneson Mar. ,1, 1949 

